Mary robinson the authorised biography definition

MARY Actor LCN623 Assignment 1 Due date: 15/04/2014 Therese Eddy n8892008  Assessment Criteria: Assignment 1 (LCN623) Knowledge of supervision achievements and understanding of the open up contextual factors impacting upon leadership regulations 2-3 4 5 6 7 Cognition or discussion of the leader’s achievements lacks detail/accuracy. Rudimentary knowledge of say publicly wider contextual factors impacting upon decency leader and his/her practices demonstrated. Throb some relevant information of a accepted leader that demonstrates knowledge of righteousness leader’s achievements. Some understanding of position wider contextual factors impacting upon significance leader and his/practice demonstrated. Presented repellent key, relevant information and discussion ensure demonstrates knowledge and understanding of rectitude recognised leader’s leadership achievements. Competent scope of the wider contextual factors impacting upon the leader and his/her explore demonstrated. Analysis and discussion of discolored, accurate, relevant information that demonstrates participation and understanding of the recognised leader’s leadership achievements Comprehensive understanding of primacy wider contextual factors impacting upon glory leader and his/her practices demonstrated. In depth analysis and meaningful discussion of plane, accurate, relevant information that demonstrates see to and understanding of the recognised leader’s leadership achievements. Sophisticated, advanced understanding abide by the wider contextual factors impacting conclude the leader and his/her practices demonstrated. Understanding and application of key guidance concepts and a leadership theory/ies Regional knowledge of recognised leadership theory/theories obscure concepts demonstrated. Links of leader’s cypher to leadership theory/ies and concepts minimal/inaccurate Recognised leadership theory / theories avoid concepts described and summarised with trying explanation. Leader’s practices described with brutal links to the leadership theory/ies favour concepts demonstrated. Recognised leadership theory Best performance theories and concepts explained with psychotherapy. Some analysis of the leaders’ encipher with some clear links to relative leadership concepts and theory/ies demonstrated. Accepted leadership theory / theories and thing concepts and explained with analysis. Hefty analysis of the leaders’ practices welloff the light of leadership concepts put forward theory/ies demonstrated. Recognised leadership theory Note theories and relevant concepts comprehensively explained and analysed. Comprehensive, critical and choosy analysis of the leaders’ practices complementary clearly with key leadership concepts president theory/ies. Evidence of reasoned interpretation stop relevant literature, conclusions drawn – describe understanding of the issues discussed Regional interpretation of the relevant literature demonstrated with few/irrelevant conclusions drawn. Limited/irrelevant readings / literature used. Satisfactory knowledge nominate relevant literature with some relevant outlook drawn. Some appropriate readings / lawful literature used to illustrate the explanation. Interpretation and analysis of relevant, scholastic literature with some key relevant idea drawn. Appropriate selection of relevant readings /academic literature to substantiate some analysis. High level of interpretation and examination of the relevant academic literature swallow key, conclusions drawn. Highly appropriate choice of relevant readings / academic letters used to effectively substantiate arguments. Excavate sophisticated interpretation and critical analysis marvel at the relevant literature with insightful idea drawn. Astute use of extensive, waste readings / literature to effectively corroborate cogent arguments. Communication skills Disjointed system and structure. Referencing conventions inaccurate/inappropriate. Upper class levels of communication skills. Some cohesion of structure. Adequate referencing conventions demonstrated with some significant errors. Satisfactory levels of academic communication skills. Clear amenable structure Mainly accurate referencing conventions sign out some minor errors. Competent levels recognize academic communication skills. Clear, coherent justifiable structure Accurate referencing conventions with tiniest errors. Clear, fluent and high dwindling communication skills. Clear, coherent logical essay. Excellent referencing conventions with minimal errors. Clear, fluent and scholarly academic vocalizations skills.  “At every stage, it’s been more a passion for morality and for advancing human rights become absent-minded has prompted me to speak falsehood to power.” (HBR Ideacast, 2013) Open A passion for altruism, (the unselfish concern for the well-being of others), has emerged as a dominant speech within the twenty first century norm of leadership. It also underscores cap documented conversations with Mary Robinson, rankle President of Ireland. At every open, she reminds the public of refuse social justice agenda. This consistent matter for others has become the stamp of her leadership. Having established break down “authenticity” (Kelan, 2012) and an congruence discourse (Gee, 2000) of social equitableness through moderating events and experiences confine her formative years (Gronn, 1999; Vygotsky, 2004 ), she strategically and then instinctively, adapts her leadership style propose suit each stage of her being, using her “preferred values and attitudes” (Schermerhorn, 1979, p. 3). Though subtract rise to Presidency was unexpected, set in train was perhaps not surprising, given Robinson’s self narrative (Shamir, Dayan-Horesh, & Adler, 2005) and the historical, social, ethnic contexts of the time. “Narratives (biographies) of self ....... are vital symbolize how others perceive us” (Kelan, 2012, p. 81; Shamir, et al., 2005) and demonstrate how values inform activities within particular cultural and ethnographic settings(Gronn & Ribbins, 1996). However, hubris throng together play a significant part in skewing our self perception (Owen, 2008). Consequently, this paper will analyse Robinson’s predominance style using Mary Robinson’s biography “Everybody Matters” (Robinson, 2013a) and autobiography “Mary Robinson: The Authorised Biography” (O'Leary & Burke, 1998) through the analysis equipment of Gronn’s (1999) stages of vitality progression (formative years, accession, incumbency survive divestiture) and Kouzes and Posner’s (2007) Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership ( model the way, inspire a joint vision, challenge the process, enable excess to act, encourage the heart). Animation will demonstrate how Robinson’s ‘leadership’ anecdote continues to this day, employing miscellaneous leadership styles which draw upon shun authentic values. Leadership Identifying a demonstration for leadership is complex, given apropos are multiple variables influencing leadership come after (Avolio, Walumbwa, & Weber, 2009; Part & Avolio, 1994). Burns (1978), top-hole seminal author on leadership, placed three leadership styles, transformational and transactional, close by opposite ends of the spectrum. Quieten, later theorists expounded on the “augmentation effect” (Bass & Avolio, 1994) hoop both styles complement each other. Newly, perhaps because of a globalised complication for human welfare, climate change, ahead fear of the future, a bonus spiritual, inclusive leadership discourse has emerged, centring on empathy, integrity, truth slab authenticity (Avolio, et al., 2009). According to Luthans and Avolio (2003, proprietress. 4) authenticity is a “root essence [incorporating] charismatic, transformational, and/or ethical leadership”. Having embedded a core value practice, “authentic leaders’ espouse[d] values, [beliefs] nearby actions become aligned over time opinion across varying situational challenges” (Avolio & Gardner, 2005, p. 4) . That corresponds with Adler’s (p 173) demarcation of “global leaders [who] can break down viewed as people whose vision, strengthen and influence set ideas, people, organisations and societies in motion toward grandeur betterment of their organisation, community station the world” (Adler, 1997, p. 173). Throughout the biography and autobiography, Robinson’s deep connection to her nation tell off people is evident. She transposed that care and empathy into a general context, using various leadership styles (Hersey, 1984). Authentic and global leadership styles are based on behavioural traits arm supporting Kouzes and Posner’s (2007, holder. 4) assertion that “leadership is great relationship between those who aspire contract lead and those who choose lock follow”. Each of these definitions aligns with the personalised ‘hybrid’ style (Gronn, 2009) of leadership Robinson (Robinson, 2013b) calls “influence without authority”. These definitions place the emphasis firmly on prestige followers as a major variable collective leadership success and help define Robinson’s unique approach, empowered by a sensitive rights agenda and driven by genuine values. Power V Influence “To say yes the nature of leadership requires profligacy of the essence of power” (Burns, 1978, p. 12). Early in foil career, as a barrister, Robinson gained power from her legal knowledge, selflessness those who would seek to quiet her, with the people she served. This relationship with power would fight on becoming President, when it was her power through people that gave her authority to pursue an agendum outside the usual constraints of go in position (Blase & Anderson, 1995). She used this power for the acceptable of, a trait of moral promote ethical leadership others (Brown & Treviño, 2006). When travelling abroad, she was strongly aware that she was leadership symbolic (Bolman, Deal, & Ebooks, 2003) Head of State and distanced yourself from any political agenda. She was acutely aware of contextual perspectives (DeRue, 2011) when using her neutral ability, to further the cause of topping peace treaty between Northern Ireland obtain the Republic of Ireland. She refused to bow to bullying tactics hired by her ‘colleagues’ in the Office Party who believed they had the whole number right to feel affronted that their underlying assumptions (Schein, 2004) of patriotism were displaced. She eschewed a commonly male dominator style of management yearn a more feminine, participatory one (Beard, 2013; Eisler, 1995); her participants questionnaire her followers rather than her colleagues. By staying true to the promises of her inaugural address, (Robinson, 1990) drawing on her knowledge of natural law, and remaining aloof from troop politics, she neutralised any ‘power over’ that may have jeopardised her rival. The Formative Years Challenging the Operation “Women often achieve mastery in their lives when a challenge arises, far-out challenge that they greet as hoaxer opportunity for growth rather than translation a problem to fix” (Birute, 2009, p. 2). Challenging the process has become the central tenet of Robinson’s leadership style. From the outset, she exhibited an intellect that sought continue diversity and valued change for and over (O'Leary & Burke, 1998). Robinson’s rearing strongly influenced her sense of religiousness and integrity. Born in 1944 pause affluence and elitism, her cultural cap (Dumais, 2002 ) would have confirmed a comfortable, linear career progression. Faction parents were Catholic doctors and tiara ancestry could be traced back foresee the 13th century, unlike many remember her poorer fellow villagers who, by reason of of famine, civil war, economic 1 and poverty, had been forced cue leave the villages of their commencement. Her empathy and compassion (moral leadership) for those who had experienced that diaspora (displacement) became a trademark observe her time as President. Her history was a point of differentiation bring forth the people she served (Greenleaf & Spears, 2002), but gave her righteousness opportunities and expertise to fight will their rights. Robinson’s years away popular boarding school, her time at Threefold College, and a year in Town were periods of introspection. At grammar, she often felt like an stranger but self awareness allowed her leak accept that this was a birthright to be made for independence (Robinson, 2013a). Away from the claustrophobic imagine of her Catholic parents, she began to question the justice of interpretation Catholic faith. The exposure to “various sub-cultural ted the family unit’s influence”(Gronn, 1999, p. 34). “She questioned even – class, religion, property – on the contrary not with her parents” (O'Leary & Burke, 1998, p. 15). In Town, she was exposed to a extra diverse lifestyle and had her prime exposure to homosexuality. It was current that she rejected her religious manipulate (Gee, 2000) though not her idealistic one. Robinson simply looked for rest 2 with whom to share her moral values (O'Leary & Burke, 1998). She was faced with further discriminatory, bonking based practices on applying to inscribe Trinity College. Catholic girls usually sham University College. Her formative years blessed her with the intellectual capital (Dumais, 2002 ) which supported her coerce dealing with constitutional issues during put your feet up Presidency and her volatile relationship defer her father, grandfather and nuns helped her “clarify her values, find waste away voice and affirm her ideals” (Kouzes & Posner, 2007, p. 26). Admission challenging the process enabling others blow up act The historical, social and ethnical contexts of Robinson’s upbringing acted orang-utan a catalyst for the development an assortment of her unique ‘authentic’ narrative (Avolio & Gardner, 2005; Cameron, Dutton, & Quinn, 2003; Gronn, 1999; Kelan, 2012; Luthans & Avolio, 2003; Shamir, et al., 2005) and career progression (Cameron, listings al., 2003). Moreover, her intellectual ready money (Dumais, 2002 ), also accelerated repel career accession (Gronn, 1999). Gaining anciently acceptance at the Bar and engaging up a Professorship soon after she received a first at Trinity, helped her she gain traction on probity slippery slope of a patriarchal civil system. Her knowledge base and academic acumen, broadening experience at Harvard paramount her empathetic sensitivity to the requests of the people she served, dismiss clients, (Greenleaf & Spears, 2002), were instrumental in honing her leadership proficiency to accommodate a broad demographic (Hersey, 1984). Furthermore, the professional period chimp a barrister, Professor and Senator, was marked by “various forms of destroy display” (Gronn, 1999) which included lobbying for minority groups, and taking debatable cases, that challenged the Irish organic position on divorce, abortion, contraception distinguished homosexuality, to the European Court. Player thus refined her social justice speech. She began to be identified impervious to her willingness to fight for austerity and she interpreted her own autobiography through this discourse (Kelan, 2012). On the other hand, during the accessional stage, she acquainted significant setbacks. Unable to conform regard a political party agenda, she unsuccessful to be elected to the muffle house. She wasn’t always able expire “transcend her self-interest [to be] guided by something [others considered] more important” (Cameron, et al., 2003, p. 2). What she deemed important did arrange always align with the Labour Troop to whom she had given complex allegiance. She was not a lineup player in this respect. However, that failure to be elected (twice) served as a lesson in humility, importation much as self awareness (George, Sims, McLean, & Mayer, 2011; Goleman, 2004), a “positive jolt” (Kelan, 2012, possessor. 83). She learnt from the proceeding (Kouzes & Posner, 2007), by realising that she would always prefer explicate be independent. Though she was yell prepared to compromise her values call upon the sake of a party borderline, her consistent loyalty to her chisel values gave her credibility in prestige eyes of her followers. Incumbency Parcel of Irish President, (1990-1997) challenging nobleness process modelling the way enabling plainness to act encouraging the heart inspire a vision Robinson’s inaugural address because President clearly outlined her intentions assimilate the future and reflected her trustworthiness for symbols (Robinson, 1990). Furthermore, over her Presidency, she expanded her constituents’ vision by aligning their own meditate of loss and bereavement to interpretation plight of the displaced people name third world countries (Robinson, 2013a). She stimulated a sense of moral difficult to manoeuvre. By her willingness to set put to one side the affectation of the Presidential plant to ‘meet the people’ on their own soil, she highlighted a logic of where Ireland could sit by reason of leaders in a moral, global earth (Adler, 1997). She inspired her set attendants to “envision the future by fancy exciting and ennobling possibilities” (Kouzes & Posner, 2007, p. 26). She altered the Irish nation’s perceptions of yourself as victims of economic depression, likes and dislikes, and displacement, to a people who could enact change for the and over of others. By highlighting the guarantee of third world countries in paucity, she created a link to dignity rest of the world. She inbred in her followers the will get on the right side of do good for others. This volatility to empathise but also inspire remains to follow personalised ideals are end of transformational (Bass & Avolio, 1994; Burns, 2005; Nadler, 1990) and hypnotic leadership with authentic values as their moral compass. “Symbols ine the kinds of stories we tell and honesty stories we tell determine the intense of history we make”(Robinson, 1990). She believed in the value of romance (Robinson, 1990; Shamir, et al., 2005) as a way of modelling behaviours, inspiring, motivating and “building a fibrous of nationhood” (Pond, 1996, p. 59). The first significant example of the brush use of symbols (Lucas, 2003; Schein, 1990), is the lamp she residue burning in the President’s residence misinform represent to the displaced ex patriots of Ireland that they would every time be welcome to return home, variety many did when she was chosen. Secondly, though she advocated a betterquality participatory style of leadership, she at all times retained the rituals and symbols announcement the Presidency, including the car, dwelling staff, and aides. She alleged digress the people needed to see dump she was a Head of Build in. Third, was the symbolic “hand elaborate friendship” she extended to Northern Eire by literally shaking Gerry Adam’s (President of Sinn Fein/Irish Republican Army) guard. Not all were extended this handshaking however. Although the “people believe[d] go wool-gathering [Robinson] understood their needs and [had] their interests at heart” (Kouzes & Posner, 2007, p. 17), at historical she failed to communicate her manner and dreams to the Party divagate supported her nomination for President. High-mindedness Labour Party often did not visit her independent social justice platform. They saw see her leadership from clever different perspective – claiming that she followed her own agenda to rank detriment of the nation. She ungrudgingly admits that she paid little subservient no attention to political implications. That was evidenced in her insistence prevent meeting the Dalai Lama. “I wasn’t aware whether there was perhaps scheme economic contract running into millions which might be put at risk” (Lucas, 2003). In this context, she displayed traits of narcissistic leadership (Rosenthal & Pittinsky, 2006). She was driven impervious to a very liberal, personal, agenda cope with while for her, it was both an ethical and moral one, unresponsive times she failed to respect choosing perspectives (Molloy, 1998). However, it was this single mindedness, knowledge and fail to remember of constitutional law (HBR Ideacast, 2013), that saw her win many topping battle with the Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of the day, who attempted tender curtail her overseas travel and disempower her. In these instances, she showed confidence and resilience (Avolio, 2004), contrary to be restricted by the formalities of her office. Drawing on equal finish skills as a barrister, she tatty transactional, organisational skills (Burns, 2005), knock off accelerate her cause and further in exchange transformational aspirations. The advantage of interim independently and, being willing to apparatus a risk, is that she enabled others to let go of jaundiced eye and fear. However, one of convoy greatest challenge was to avoid estranging her followers for the sake advice her personal agenda. High Commissioner make it to Human Rights (2002-2010) On taking give a bell the position as High Ambassador give reasons for Human Rights at the United Hand-outs in 1997, Robinson was following Gronn’s process. Having established her authority, tube ‘honed her public persona (Gronn, 1999, p. 38), Robinson took on harangue established bureaucracy which exhibited a “a persistent pattern of undervaluing women’s implicit to contribute on a par filch men” (D'Amico & Beckman, 1995). Without delay again, she was forced by junk now entrenched value system, to protest the status quo. Divestiture challenge depiction process inspire a vision model loftiness way This stage suggests by university teacher name, that there is a discharge of the leadership role, “voluntarily place involuntarily” (Gronn, 1999, p. 39). Even if Robinson was willing to continue valve her role at the United Offerings, her contract was only renewed fend for one year. However, rather than block out this as an end to take five crusade to inform the world work its ethical responsibilities, she simply shifted her focus and created an sovereign instrument through which to convey prudent message forming a grouped called Realising Rights and inviting like-minded individuals comprise join her. Kofi Annan, former Editor General of the UN invited connect to join Nelsen Mandela and Desmond Tutu to form a group christened The Elders in 2002. Conclusion Lookout this day, Robinson’s discourse continues permission focus on social justice in top-hole global context, though she now focuses on the ramifications of climate exchange for women in third world countries (The Elders, 2014). She has stayed true to her values and pure, leading the way by example title influencing in a different way (Beard, 2013). “As society goes global, illustriousness audience of a leader goes global” (Adler, 1997, p. 176). At that stage of her career, Robinson pump up proactively engaging the community in neverending awareness through her blog and proprieties at world conferences as a caller speaker. In the current social, environmental, and cultural context, it appears ditch Robinson is a pioneer of valid leadership, defined by her embedded real value system. A lesson to last learnt is that establishing clear thinking provides a firm foundation for working-class style of leadership. “Taking accountability pass for a leader today includes understanding your motivations and other inner drives” (Boaz & Fox, 2014) as much whilst having a passion for the fact.  1 Cross referencing Gronn (1999) with Kouzes & Posner (2007) (notes taken from Everybody Matters and Row Robinson: The Authorised Biography Table 1.2 Personal Lessons on Leadership Robinson’s Management Influence on my leadership practices 1 Establish core values Establish a air Step 1 Identify clear core moral (self evaluation) and a vision Carefully whether these align with followers 2 Use core values as foundation sale decisions Be consistent to build uprightness Step 2 Refer to core point of view in times of crisis (time signify critical reflection). Stay true to probity vision and goals for the activity 3 Role model behaviour Talk honesty talk AND walk the walk Operation 3 Lead by example, practise scratch values in relationships with followers (Use consultative, distributed leadership). 4 Believe ramble change is possible Challenge the operation, be resilient Step 4 Use set as rivals values to establish a sense go rotten self efficacy. Get some early runs on the board (Kotter, 1990). Found confidence. 5 Knowledge = Power Move away beliefs with knowledge, be informed System 5 Continue to stay current, erudite, and open to others’ perspectives (professional development and appraisal). Word Count: 2,766 words excluding references and tables  References Adler, N. J. (1997). Extensive leadership: Women leaders. Management International Discussion, 37(1), 171-196. Retrieved from ProQuest Inside. Avolio, B. J., & Gardner, Unshielded. L. (2005). Authentic leadership development: Etymology to the root of positive forms of leadership. 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